Properties of Solids

Properties of Solids – Solid matter is something that has matter or substance and has a volume that occupies a certain space and has a shape.

Solids can be formed in two main ways how solids can form. The first way is formed from the orderly arrangement of lines, and the second is formed from the arrangement of lines arranged randomly.

On this occasion YukSinau.co.id will discuss about Solid Substances in detail and in full. Let's look at the following discussion.

Properties of Solids

solidity properties

"Solid substances are substances which have a fixed shape and volume."”

The solid substance has a very close molecular or particle arrangement. This causes the solids to be compressible. Solids have a very strong inter-particle attraction force, so that the particles can not move in a free way to be able to move.

Under these conditions, it causes solids to be able to maintain their volume and shape so that solids will always have a fixed volume and shape.

Solids whose molecules are arranged randomly are often referred to as amorphous. Generally, Amorphous has an elastic and shiny texture and appearance. Examples are: glass, rubber, candles and plastic.

Solid substances whose molecules are neatly arranged are often referred to as crystals. Examples are : It is, salt, diamonds and metals.

Because particles or molecules of solids are arranged in a unified and close together, therefore solids cannot be compressed in an easy way or in other words, solids cannot be reduced if only by the way we press them.

In solid matter, individual particles or molecules do not move quickly to be able to defeat the attraction of attraction between its particle. But, the particle or molecule will still vibrate, but tied and kept tightly in place.

When we look at the microscopic way we get the molecular properties of solids, among others :

  • Particle – particles of solids are arranged regularly.
  • The distance between the particles are close together.
  • The force of attraction between particles is very strong.
  • Moving molecules or particles cannot move freely, so it's not easy to separate.
  • The shape of the particle's motion on the solid vibrates and moves around its place.
  • Learn Also :
    • Properties of Gas Substances
    • Properties of Liquid

Characteristics of Solids

Compact substance has the characteristics of one of which is its shape and volume. This can be exemplified by objects such as objects in the form of blocks. If we move the object, the object will remain in the form of a block.

Same with the volume, the volume in the beam will remain the same even if the object is moved to a different place. This is because the forces of attraction between molecules / particles that exist in solids are very strong.

The following are the characteristics of a solid substance.

1 Volume Permanent
2 Shape Permanent
3 Particle motion Not free
4 Place the particles Nearby
5 Arrangement of particles Very close
6 Particle style Very strong
7 Can't compress

Solid Substance Formulas

The formula on solids is divided into two parts, i.e., the formula for solid pressure and the expansion for solids.

Expansion of Solid Substances

The expansion of a solid is an event of increasing a size in a solid matter. Expansion occurs due to an increase in temperature on the object.

This causes the object to get additional energy in the form of heat which can cause molecules or particles in the object to move faster. In solids there are three expansion namely, long expansion, extensive expansion, and volume expansion.

  • Long Expansion
    Length expansion is expansion which can cause the length of an object to increase, due to an increase in temperature
  • Broad Expansion
    Broad expansion is an expansion of objects which results in an increase in the area of ​​an object, due to an increase in temperature.
  • Volume expansion
    Volume expansion is an expansion of the object which causes the volume of the object to increase, due to an increase in temperature.

The following is a formula for long expansion, extensive expansion, and volume expansion.

  • Long Expansion
    As explained above, in this case changes in volume and area can be ignored so that expansion occurs only on thin and long objects.
L = L0 + L0 . α . ΔT
L = L0 (1+ α . ΔT )

Information:
L = Length of the object after expanding (m)
L0 = Length of the object before expanding (m)
α = coefficient ( /0C ) 
ΔT = temperature change on the object (C0 )

  • Broad Expansion
    Broad expansion can occur in thin objects for example, metal and plate.
A = A0 + A0 α . ΔT
A = A0 (1 +α . ΔT )

Information:
A = The area of ​​the object after expanding (m)
A0 = Area of ​​the item before expanding (m)
α = coefficient( /0C )
ΔT = temperature change on the object(C0 )

  • Volume expansion
    Volume expansion can only occur in objects whose volume and shape cannot be ignored, like for example cube-shaped wood.
V = v0 + V0 α . ΔT
V = v0 + (1 +α . ΔT )

Information:
V = Volume of the object after expansion (m)
V0 = Volume of the object before expanding (m)
α = coefficient ( /0C )
ΔT = temperature change on the object (C0 )

The following is a long expansion coefficient table on solids

No Material type Coefficient of Expansion Length /TheC
1 Pyrex 0,000003
2 Platinum 0,000009
3 Glass 0,000009
4 Baja 0,000011
5 Iron 0,000012
6 Gold 0,000014
7 Copper 0,000017
8 Brass 0,000018
9 Aluminium 0,000026
10 Seng 0,000029
11 Silver 0,00002
12 Lead 0,00003

Pressure on Solids

Pressure is a magnitude of the force acting on each object with a unit of area of ​​pressure. There are two factors that affect the pressure on solids, namely the surface area of ​​the compressive field and the force.

Here is the formula for pressure on solids.

P= F/A

Information:
P = pressure (Well)
F = Tell (N)
A = area wide ( m2 )

Examples of Solids

There are many examples of dense substances that we often find in our daily lives. The following are examples of these solids.

  1. Wood
  2. Stone
  3. Metal
  4. Aluminum
  5. Candle
  6. Glass
  7. Iron
  8. Diamond
  9. Diamond
  10. Bone
  11. at least
  12. Coin
  13. Plastic
  14. Ice Cube
  15. Salt
  16. Coconut shell

Differences in the Properties of Solids, Gas and Liquid Substances

There are several different properties in solids, liquid, and gas substances. Below is a table of the differences in properties between solids, liquid and gas.

Nature Liquid substances Gas substance Solid substance
Volume Permanent Change Permanent
Compression
Mass Type		 It's hard to
compressed		 Easy to compress Can't compress
Shape Change- change it Change Permanent
Mass Type Is Small Big

In solid matter it has a certain shape and volume. Solids have distances between molecules or very dense particles. And particles in solids cannot move freely.

Liquid substances have no particular shape but have a certain volume. The shape of the liquid in accordance with the container it occupies. Liquid substances have distances between particles that tend to be more porous, and molecules or particles contained in liquid can move in a free but limited way.

The gas substance has no specific shape and volume. The gas substance has a distance between the vacant particles and the molecules that move the foam freely and indefinitely.

That is our explanation of the 'Solid Properties'” hopefully can be useful as physics learning material, to find out other physics material, please visit the following article.

Other Articles :

  • Gauss's Law
  • Lenz's Law
  • Electromagnetic wave
  • Black Body Radiation
  • Potential Energy Formula
  • Unidirectional Electric Current
  • Solid substance
  • Gas Laws

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