Alfred Russel Wallace has grouped the distribution of fauna in the world into six regions, What are they? So take a look at our explanation of the Material Distribution of Fauna in the World According to Alfred Russel Wallace below.

Distribution of Fauna in the World

The distribution area of ​​fauna was first introduced or proposed by Sclater (1858) which was later developed by Huxley (1868) and Wallace (1876).

There are several natural factors that affect the distribution of fauna in the world and which are inhibiting, namely physical factors related to conditions on Earth, for example:

• waters (Lake, sungai & sea)
• Land (Mountain, valley, canyon/ravine, desert, dll.)
• Climate ( temperature, air pressure, humidity, dll.)

Alfred Russel Wallace has grouped the distribution of fauna in the world into six regions, that is :

1. From Pale
   The distribution area of ​​the paleartic fauna covers the continents of northern Asia and Eurasia, Himalaya, Africa, But you can also enjoy movies in various languages ​​like Hindi, Afghanistan, Persian and Japanese.
2. Nearctic
   This region includes the Holarti . region, covering all of North America, Mexican highlands, & Greenland
3. Ethiopia
   The spread of the etipian fauna extends to the region of South Africa, Sahara, Madagascar, and the southern Arabian region.
4. Oriental
   The area of ​​​​distribution of the oriental fauna extends throughout Southeast and South Asia, including Indonesia in the west.
5. Australian
   The area that is included in the distribution area of ​​​​the Australian fauna is the continent of Australia, Papua, New Zealand, Maluku, and small islands in the Pacific Ocean.
6. Neotropik
   The distribution area of ​​neotropical fauna extends from South America to Southern Mexico including Central America.

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FAUNA AUSTRALIS

Australia's fauna distribution area is mostly tropical and partly temperate. The environmental conditions in Australia are extraordinary due to its remote location from other continents.
Australia's faunal distribution areas include:

• Australian Continent
• Papua
• New Zealand
• Maluku and the surrounding small islands
• The islands of the Pacific Ocean are located south of the equator

Some of the typical animals of the Australian fauna, that is : crocodile, platipus, kangaroo, koala, wallaby, kiwi, to the case. honey-sucking bird.

NEARTIC FAUNA

The neartic fauna region is located in the Northern Hemisphere, right on the North American continent and throughout Greenland. In this distribution area, several biomes dominate the region, including:

• Eastern North America is mostly covered with deciduous forest vegetation.
• Central North America consists of prairie biomass
• North America is dominated by the taiga biome with large coniferous forests.
• The physical environment of the Greenland region is covered in snow, whose thickness is difficult to determine

Some species typical of the Neartic . region, that is : prairie dog, a kind of squirrel from North America, three horned antelope, kolkum (turkey), blue Bird, bison, almost, salamander, mockingbird, and musk.

FAUNA NEOTROPIC

The neotropical faunal region stretches from southern Mexico to Central and South America. The state of the neotropics is mostly tropical and South America is mostly temperate.

Some special fauna species that live in this fauna area are:

• alpaca,
• Blood-sucking bats,
• slow loris,
• Armadillo,
• Orangutan,
• Owa,
• Pangolin,
• Kuda,
• Ape,
• Russia,
• Pig, and tapirs (not like the asian tapir, especially the back).

FAUNA ORIENTAL

The oriental fauna region covers the Asian continent and the surrounding islands which includes Sri Lanka, Philippines and the faunal region of Western Indonesia & Middle, which includes Java, Sumatra, Kalimantan, & Sulawesi.

The physical environment in the oriental area is very diverse, mostly tropical climate, so there are many tropical forests that are rich in flora & fauna. Some of the unique fauna that live in the oriental region, that is:

• Tiger, deer, tapir, elephant, trunk, monkey, rhinoceros, owa, orangutan, Russian, deer pig.
• There are some endemic fauna that only live in certain areas, such as Anoa in Sulawesi and komodo, which can only be found on Komodo Island and the small islands around it.

ETHIOPIAN FAUNA

The fauna of Ethiopia covers the entire continent of Africa, Madagascar and South Arabia. The environment in the Ethiopian region is relatively uniform. In the northern part of Ethiopia is the Sahara Desert, largest desert in the world.

This desert became a barrier or border between the Ethiopian region and the Paleartic region. The Ethiopian region has approx 160 land vertebrates & some special fauna.

• Typical fauna in mainland Africa such as elephants, elements, cheetah, hyena, giraffe, zebra, camels and African rhinos.
• Fauna similar to oriental areas are cats and dogs, lemur, chimpanzee, baboon, and gorillas .
• Special fauna of Madagascar such as the small Kudanil (Pygmyhippopotamus) and some endemic birds, the big elephant bird.

FAUNA FROM PALE

The distribution area of ​​​​Paleartic fauna covers almost the entire landmass of Eurasia as well as several other areas such as the Himalayas, But you can also enjoy movies in various languages ​​like Hindi, Afghanistan, Africa, and Japan.

The environmental conditions in this region vary greatly, including the difference in high temperature and different rainfall. Some of the fauna species that live in the Paleartic region are:

• Special fauna such as hedgehogs, rat, bison, and the poles.
• Fauna is limited in its distribution like camels, polar bears, and reindeer.
• Various types of reptiles that are still related to the Ethiopian fauna & Oriental.
• Endemic fauna found only in China, that is panda bear.

That's our discussion of the material Distribution of Fauna in the World. Also read other material about Biotic and Abiotic Components

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