Maf’ul Bih (مفعول به) – Come back again with Yuksinau.co.id, after yesterday we discussed in full about Maf'ul Liajlih, this time we will discuss material that is still related to the previous material, namely Maf'ul bih.

We will discuss in full starting from understanding, example, distribution, the sign of i'rab along with the explanation. For that, just see the full explanation below.

Definition of Maf'ul Bih

In Indonesian maf'ul means object / target. As for the science of nahwu, maf'ul bih has the following definition: ;

اَلْمَفْعُوْلُ بِهِ إِسْمٌ مَنْصُوْبٌ يَدُلُّ عَلَى مَنْ وَقَعَ عَلَيْهِ الْفِعْلُ الْفَاعِلُ وَلَا تَتَغَيِّرُ مَعَهُ صُوْرَةُ الْفِعْلِ

That means :
Maf'ul bih is isim manshub (which is read nashob) which shows the person to whom a job has been assigned, the form of work does not change which is because of maf'ul.

Example of Maf'ul Bih

After we know what maf'ul bih is, The following are examples of maful bih and their explanations to add to your understanding of what maful bih is.

Example 1 : فَتَحَ اَحْمَدُ الْبَابَ = Ahmad opened the door
The object in the example above is a door (الْبَابَ). Then "door"” here as / to be maf’ul bih.

Example 2 :اَكَلْتُ الْخُبْزَ = I eat bread
The object in the example above is bread (الْخُبْزَ). So the word "bread".” here as / to be maf’ul bih.

Example 3 : ضَرَبَ اِبْرَاهِيْمُ الْكَلْبَ = Ibrahim hit the dog
The object in the example above is a dog (الْكَلْبَ). then the word "dog"” here as / Becomesmaf’ul bih.

Example 4 : اَكَلْتُ الطَعَامَ = I have eaten food.
The object of his actions is (الْكَلْبَ), then the word "food"” here as / Becomes maf’ul bih.

Example 5 : قَرَأْتُ كِتَابًا = I have read the Book
The object of his action is the word (كِتَابًا), then the word "read a book"” here as / Becomes maf’ul bih.

Distribution

Seen from the way he said it, maful bih is divided into isim mu'rab, isim mabni and mashdar muawwal.

1. My name is mu'rab
Maf'ul bih in the form of a mu'rab noun when the noun that becomes a maf'ul changes its irab when it is included in a different amil. An example of maf'ul bih in the form of isim mu'rab:

يَقْرَأُ مُحَمَّدُ الْقُرْآنًا

ضَرَبَ عَلِيٌّ كَلْبًا

Say (الْقُرْآنًا) and (كَلْبًا) can change the i'rab according to his position (factor).

2. Name Mabni
This maf'ul bih can also be in the form of isim mabni as well as isim dhamir, isim maushul and isyarah. As for the maf'ul bih which consists of this noun, it is divided into 2 part, that is:

• Dhamir Muttashil (continued word)
  Maf’ul bih dhamir muttashil ada 12, that is:

ضَرَبَنِيْ – ضَرَبَنَا – ضَرَبَكَ – ضَرَبَكِ – ضَرَبَكُمَا – ضَرَبَكُمْ – ضَرَبَكُنَّ – ضَرَبَهُ – ضَرَبَهَا – ضَرَبَهُمَا – ضَرَبَهُمْ – ضَرَبَهُنَّ

• Dhamir Munfashil (separated)
  Maf'ul bih dhamir Munfashil is also there 12, that is :

إِيَّايَ – إِيَّانَا – إِيَّاكَ – إِيَّاكِ – إِيَّاكُمَا – إِيَّاكُمْ – إِيَّاكُنَّ – إِيَّاهُ – إِيَّاها – إِيَّاهما – إِيَّاهُمْ – إِيَّاهُنَّ

3. Mashdar Muawwal
Maf'ul bih in the form of mashdar muawaal consists of: (أَنْ) & fi'il / (أَنَّ) with his name and status.

Example:

أَمَرَ اللهُ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُوْلُ اللهِ

Mashdar muawwal (أَنْ) & (تَشْهَدَ) here is maful bih from fi'il (أَمَرَ). As for the word (أَنَّ) with the noun and its khobar adaah maf'ul from the verb (تَشْهَدَ).

The sign of I'rab

As explained above, which one maful bih is isim manshub, it means i'rab maful that is nashabb. The sign of nashab on maf'ul is fathah, alif, kasroh and yes'. The sign of i'rab that has been mentioned earlier only occurs in the noun mu'rab.

1. Fatah
Fathah disni is a sign of nashab on maf'ul if it is in the form of a singular noun / jama’ estimate.

• name mufrad = ضَرَبَ خَلِيْلٌ كَلْبًا
• Jama’ estimate = كَتَبَ الْمُدَرِّسُ النُّصُوْصَ

2. Alif
Alif here is a sign of nashab in maf'ul if the maf'ul is in the form of isim lima.

• رَأَيْتُ أَبَاكَ

3. Kasrah
Kasrah here is a sign of nashab in maf'ul if it is in the form of a congregation’ muanats salim.

• رَاَيْتُ الطَّالِبَاتِ

4. Ya’
Ya’ is a sign of nashab on maf'ul if it is isim tatsniyah / jama’ mudzakkar salim.

• name tatsniyah = ضَرَبَتْ سَلْمَى قِطَّيْنِ
• Jama’ mudzakar salim = رَأَيْتُ الْمُسْلِمِيْنَ

If maf'ul is in the form of isim mabni, then the sign of i'rab does not change. However, the i'rab is adjusted to the cost of the sentence.

• Example: اِشْتَرَيْتُ هَذَا الْكِتَابَ

The word marked in bold above is maful bih which is in the form of isyarah noun. As for the I'rab fi mahal marfu'. أَكْرِمْ مَنْ أَكْرَمَكَ

Say (مَنْ) is maful bih in the form of dhamir munfashil. For dhamir kaf (كَ) sendrii is maf'ul in the form of dhamir muttashil. The Arabic is fi mahal marfu'.

Placement Rules

1. The standard position in the Arabic language rules is fi'il, fa'il & maf’ul.

• Example:
  • يَفْتَحُ أَحْمَدُ الْأَبْوَابَ
  • سَأَلْتُ رَسُوْلَ اللّهِ

2. Allowed to put maf'ul before fa'il, but this is if maf'ul and fa'il are in the form of isim zahir.

• Example : يَجْنِي القُطْنَ الفَلَّاحُ

3. It is allowed to put maf'ul before the verb and fa'il if the maf'ul is in the form of a noun.

• Example: فَفَرِيقًا كَذَّبْتُمْ وَفَرِيقًا تَقْتُلُونَ

4. It is required to end maf'ul if the maf'ul is in the form of isim dhamir.

• Example:
  • أَمَرْتُكَ
  • أَكْرَمَنِيْ أَحْمَدُ

5. It is required to end maf'ul if there is concern that there will be a misunderstanding when it is given first.

• Example: أَكْرَمَتْ عَائِشَة فَاطِمَة

Because if the maf'ul comes first, they are worried that someone will think that the maf'ul is the last one.

6. It is required to put maf'ul before verb and fa'il, this if the maf'ul is in the form of isim dhamir munfashil.

• Example: إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ

7. It is possible to remove the verb & fa'il and may also leave only the maf'ul if it can be understood from / about the sentence structure.

• Example: For example, there are questions like ; "Who did you meet yesterday?"?” then the answer is (عَلِيًّا). What is meant is: قَابَلْتُ عَلِيًّا

Such is our rebuke regarding Maful Bih. Hopefully with this article can add to our knowledge of the science of nawhu. thank you for visiting. Assalamu’alaikum.

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